Presentation of Data:
Presentation of data plays a vital role in interpreting a given data. It helps in visualizing the data in a systematic manner. Our ultimate goal is to extract information from the data. The presentation of the data is the first step towards the goal. In this tutorial, we will be learning some statistical tools and ideas which will help us examine the data in order to describe their main features. We term this examination as an exploratory data analysis.
Why Important?
It is really hard to interpret and analyze a big amount of data merely by looking at it. Instead, we need to organize and present the data in such a way that it will let us readily grasp what the data can infer.
Methods of Presentation of Data:
- Textual presentation
- Tabular presentation
- Diagramatic presentation
Textual Presentation:
One of the most common methods of presenting data is to use paragraphs of text. Nowadays this is a very common practice we see in newspapers. News blocks present data as a form of a paragraph that is brief and precise. But in this method of presentation of data one must follow the logical sequence in it to make it meaningful. Most official agencies present data following this method with a combination of tables and graphs. But this method is not that useful in the case of a large amount of data.
Tabular Presentation of Data:
The presentation of data by means of a table which comprises of a number of rows and columns. This is the most compact way of presenting the data. One can get a clear picture of the features of the data by looking into the tables. A comparison between data is much easier in this method just because it is so mobile. One can easily pick a particular column of our interest.
Different parts of a table:
1. Title: A brief description of the contents of the table.
2. Stub: Describes the content of the rows
3. Caption: Describes the content of the columns.
4. Body: The main part of the table which contains data.
Diagramatic Representation of Data:
Diagramatic representation of data depicts a clear picture in the data. There are different ways of representing data diagrammatically. It is always said that a graph or a picture can be worth a thousand numbers. Line chart, Pie chart, Bar chart, and ratio chart can be used to depict the data set.
Line Chart:
We can think of as an ordinary graph where there are two axes, perpendicular to each other (horizontal and vertical axes). Values are represented as points and the points are then joined by the straight lines. But one should keep the following facts in mind while drawing a line chart.
1. Both the axes must be properly labeled and scaled.
2. "0" point must be shown.
3. A "break" symbol may be used when the values are much higher than 0.
4. Presented data should be comparable.
Example of a Line chart:
The above example represents a line chart. Where x-axes and y-axes show week and saving in dollar respectively. Both the axes are properly scaled and labeled. Each points represent the values (i.e savings in dollar) and all the points are connected by lines.
Video Lectures:
---------------------------- Exercises -----------------------------
1. What is a textual presentation of data? Discuss with an example.
2. State the use of a Bar plot.
3. Draw the line chart of the following earthquake data. (Please open in desktop view mode if you are on a mobile device)
4. Construct a pie chart of the following diagram. (Please open in desktop view mode if you are on a mobile device)
5. Give an example of a tabular presentation of data.
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